Use of the elements of spoken language by satirical poets

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD student of Persian language and literature at Yazd University

2 Professor of Persian language and literature, Yazd University

10.29252/kavosh.2025.20406.3449

Abstract

Nowadays, satirists claim that their works are based on life realities and human needs. In order to attract people, as their real audience, and influence them with their words, satirists have to use a type of language which is close to the popular spoken language. As commonly believed, using a spoken language together with the standard version of that language in a poem results in an artistic composite of contrasts, thus creating satire. Spoken language is characterized with certain factors and features based on which the present study examines the satirical poems of four contemporary authors including Taqhi Danesh, Gholamreza Rouhani, Mohammad Ali Afrashteh, and Abulqhasem Halat. The study first describes spoken language and then refers to its application in the Persian poetry. This is followed by a brief introduction of those four poets and a detailed analysis of the satirical elements of the spoken Persian used in their poems. These elements include words and phrases, syntactic features, slang proverbs, colloquial ironies, funny informal expressions, and satirical folk names. As the analyses and comparisons indicated, the four poets have benefited from all the mentioned satirical elements so as to create humor. Regarding the frequency of those elements of humor, there is no considerable difference among the poets.

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