The study of the Tragedy of Life in Bozorg Alavi’s Chashmhaiash Based on Psychoanalysis of Sigmund Freud

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. student of Persian language and literature at Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz. Ahvaz Iran

2 Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz.Ahvaz. iran

10.29252/kavosh.2024.20844.3502

Abstract

Tragedy is a catastrophe and disaster which its side effects are irreparable. Therefore, its criticism for social awareness and prevention of reoccurrence of such events is of paramount importance. Hence, this essay deals with tragedy in Bozorg Alavi’s Cheshmhaiash in terms of analytical-descriptive methodology based on Sigmund Freud’s Psychology in orde to respond to why and how of the manner of professor Makan and Farangis and related tragedy in this novel. Based on significant vocabularies of Freud, following issues have been discussed: such as ego, superego and id such as trauma, suppression, transition, repression, neurosis and marker actions and so on. The results of study delineate that behavior of Farangis and professor Makan seem to be marker actions and haphazard. It represents an intensified trauma which gives rise to their hysteric behavior which signifies impulses of repression. Unconscious destruction from the angle of Farangis leads to the tragedy of Makan’s life and turns him to a gender murderer. In this novel, rebuilding of both fantasy and unreal worlds are represented: the world of politics and fighting and the world of art. The archetype of the world of politics is Makan and the best artistic creation is the portrait of her eyes. In the deep structure (unconscious) of the narrative, these two are the causes of the tragedy in life, because the world of Makan is politics and power with instruments such as painting; in addition, the world of Farangis is love; this world has been marginalized by the politicized society.

Keywords

References

Books
Abedin, A. & Shoghinia, E. (2011). Diagnosis and Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder from a Psychodynamic Point of View, Qatreh. [in Persian]
Arendt, H. (2022). Crises of the Republic: Lying in Politics; Civil Disobedience; On Violence; Thoughts on Politics and Revolution (A. Moazzami, Trans.), Farhang Javid. [in Persian]
Bozorg Alavi (2022). Her Eyes, Negah. [in Persian]
Dehkhoda, A. A. (1998). Dictionary (M. Moein & S. J. Shahidi, Eds.), Tehran University Press. [in Persian]
Einstein, A. & Freud, S.  (2022b). Why war? (K. Naqhed, Trans.), Ney. [in Persian]
Freud, S.  (2023a). A Child is Being Beaten (M. Habibzadeh, Trans.), Ney. [in Persian]
Freud, S.  (2023b). Theory of psychosexual development, Qatreh. [in Persian]
Freud, S.  (2022a). Totem and Taboo (M. A. Khonji, Trans.), Negah. [in Persian]
Freud, S.  (2022c). On Freud's Femininity (S. Amini Kashani, Trans.), Negah. [in Persian]
Freud, S.  (2022d). Beyond the Pleasure Principle (M. Hooshmand Vijeh, Trans.), Homa [in Persian]
Freud, S.  (2022e). The use of Psychoanalysis in Literary Criticism (H. Payandeh, Trans.), Morvarid. [in Persian]
Freud, S.  (2021a). Five lectures on psycho-analysis (H. Safavi, Trans.), Jami. [in Persian]
Freud, S.  (2021b). The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud (M. Habibzadeh, Trans.), Negah. [in Persian]
Freud, S.  (2021c). Theory of Psychoanalysis (H. Payandeh, Trans.), Morvarid. [in Persian]
Freud, S.  (2019). Psychopathology of everyday life (B. Moradi, Trans.), Mossadegh. [in Persian]
Freud, S. (2013). Civilization and its Discontents (K. Homayunpour, Trans.), Amir Kabir. [in Persian]
Freud, S.  (n.d.). Psychology (M. Afshar, Trans.), Kavian. [in Persian]
Jones, E. (1971). Psychoanalyse, In: Principles of psychoanalysis (H. Razi, Trans.), Asia. [in Persian]
Mir Abedini, H. (1998). One Hundred Years of Story Writing in Iran, Qatreh. [in Persian]
Schultz, D. P., & Schultz, S. E. (2009). Theories of personality (Y. Seyed Mohammadi, Trans.), Virayesh. [in Persian]
Shariat Kashani, A. (2013).Psychoanalysis and Literature and Art from Freud to Jacques Derrida, Nazar. [in Persian]
Yavari, H. (2008).Psychoanalysis and literatune two texts, two selre, two world. Tehran:Sokhan. [in Persian]
Journals
Freud, S. (1994). Ego and Id (H. Payandeh, Trans.). Arghanoon, 3, 229-252. [in Persian]
Freud, S. (2003). Heads of Psychoanalytic Theory (H. Payandeh, Trans.). Arghanoon, 22, 1-74. [in Persian]
Ghesmati Tabrizi, A. (2013). Incident and disaster: Review of danger's development and their’s compensate. Encyclopedia of Economic Law Journal, 20(3), 80-108. doi: 10.22067/le.v20i3.34286 [in Persian]
Hasanpour Alashti, H., & Mansour Lakouraj, S. (2008). Social-Political Insights of the novel “Her Eyes”. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences. 8(2), 157-170. [in Persian]
Heidarizadeh, N., Moosavinia, S. R., & Akhavan, B. (2015). Women in Literature: From Trauma to Self-Knowledge. Journal of Woman Cultural Psychology, 7(24), 67-79. [in Persian]
Karimian, F., & Zakerhosseini, S. (2021). The perspective of French Sociological criticism an application on the novel: Her Eyes. French Language and Translation Research, 4(1), 23-44. doi: 10.22067/rltf.2022.75238.1039 [in Persian]
Thesis            
Mardani Bohlouli, H. (2013). Researching the Concept of Love and Politics in the Novel "Her Eyes" by Bozorg Alavi [Master's thesis, Birjand University]. Faculty of Literature and Humanities. [in Persian]

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics